Fuel vaporizer



ug. l0 192.6.

A. L.. NELSON FUEL vAPoRIzEn Filed Nov. 5 1920 /flf AdolphLNelso pipe of the intake manifold.

Patented Aug. 10, 1926.

, erre ADOIEH L. NELSON, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

FUEL VAORIZER.

Application filed November My said invention consists in an improved construction of devices for improving, or aiding in the vaporization and mixture of fuel used in internal combustion engines, whereby the liquid fuel is completely vaporized before being drawn into the intake manifold of the engine, all as will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed. i

Referring,r to the accompanying drawings which are made a part hereof and on which similar reference characters indicate similar parts,

Figure 1 is a view of the upper end of a vertical type valve-in-the-head7 engine, equipped with my invention, and

Figure 2, a detail view showing the part constituting the principal feature of the invention in perspective.

In said drawings, the portions marked A represent the engine cylineer, B the carbureter, C the vaporizer forming a leading feature of my said invention, l) the intake manifold, and ll the exhaust manifold of the engine.

All of the parts above referred to, except the vaporizer C, are of standard construction as in use in types of internal combustion engines now in common use, or may be of any appropriate construction and arrangement.

The vaporizer comprises a casing formed appropriately to be interposed between the carbureter B and the inlet pipe of the intake manifold D. lt is preferably formed as an elbow, one end connected by clamping bolts 10 to the upper end of the carbureter B and the, other end connected by clamping bolts 11 to the outer end of the inlet 1t is former with a central enlarged portion 12 andan annular partition 13 with circumferential corrugations or fins, between the sides of said enlarged portion, forming a chamber 14.- surrounding' the corrugations and positioned at the angle of the casing. The ribs or ins of the corrugations extend both into chamber 14 and also into the interior of the passageway from the carburetor to the inta te manifold. A. pipe 15 connects with the casing of said part C and with a branch pipe 16 which is connected with the exhaust manifold E. Another pipe 17 leads from the opposite side of chamber 14 to a tting 18 also connected with the exhaust manifold E. A. valve 19 is mounted in the pipe 5, le20. seriai No. 422,080.

leading from manifold E to the fitting 18,

or partly closed, the hot gases from the exhaust manifold E pass through pipes 16 and 15 and around through the chamber le heating,` the corrugated partition 13 to a very high temperature, and then pass through pipe 17 and fitting 18 to the exhaust pipe 20. By the adjustment of valve 19, any proportion of the exhaust gases may be diverted through chamber 14 as desired. The fuel mixture coming` through carburetor B is drawn through the passageway inside of vaporizer C forming an air stream containing liquid fuel in the form of fine drops or spray, and also containing some fuel vapor. As is welllrnown the liquid will seek the points of lowest velocity and the air will seek the point of highest velocity or least resistance. This tendency operates to throw the liquid to the outside of the stream' and the spray of the liquid fuel will strike the ribs of the partition 13V on the upper side and be retarded and thoroughly vaporized before passing with the air kto the intake manifold. Any liquid not vaporized is `caught within the grooves between the ribs and will flow to the lower side of the corrugated section and be vaporized by the heat before passino; out with the air to the intake manifold. In this manner, the vaporization Vof all liquidv fuel is insured before it reaches the cylinders of the engine with the consequent beneficial results on the fuel and with the assurance that all of said liquid fuel vwill be utilized. While the liq uid fuel is thus subjected to the heat of the extended area of the corrugated section and its passage tothe cylinders in liquid form prevented, the air drawn through this channel will not be overheated because of the very short length of the heated section and the small area thereof, the edges of the ribs, coming in contact therewith. Thusthe `air will not be unduly expanded but left at 'a temperature that will combine the hydrocarbon vapor at a temperature to form a comparatively heavy mixture of the highest loo quality and efficiency for use, and not eX- panded to a temperature that would result in loss of power.

Having thus fully described my said invention, what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. In an internal combustion engine, a tubular vaporizer open at both ends adapted to be inserted between the carbureter and the intalre manifold whereby the current of I`ielf-laden air passes axially through the same from end to end, said vaporizer haring wine, relatively thin inner fins at right angles to the direction of flow of the air stream providing a large contactarea for liquid and a. sinall area of contact for the air in the stream of mingled air and liquid fuel said fins also acting as baffles for the outer liquid-laden part of said stream, and means for' heating the vaporizer, substantially as set forth.

2. ln anl internal combustion engine, a vaporizer adapted to be inserted between the carbureter and the intake manifold said viporizei: having a tubular inclined portion with inwardly inclined extending fins at ri glit angles to the axis of said inclined portion with grooves between them to catch and hold liquid fuel, and means for heating the vaporizer, substantially as setfoi-th.

3. ln an. internal combustion engine, an elbow-shaped vaporizer casing adapted to he inserted between the intake manifold and the carbureter said casing being inclined downward toward the Carbureter, annular inner fins on the casing, and means for heating the casing substantially as set forth.

4. ln an internal combustion engine, an

elbow-sha ied casino1 adanted` to be attached ra l to the intake manifold and inclined downward toward the carbureter, opposed sets of concentric inner and outer fins on the casing, and means for bringing the exhaust gases into Contact with the exterior of the casing, substantially as set forth.

5'. ln an internal combustion engine', an elbow-shaped inclined casing adapted to be inserted between the carbureter and the intake manifold said casing having a double wal at the bend therein, inner and outer sets of concentric fins on the inner wall at said bend, and connections from the engine exhaust to said chamber whereby a relatively short section of the fuel' passage is heated for vaporizing the liquid fuel without excessive heating of the air mingled therewith, substantially asset forth.

6. A vaporizer adapted to be inserted between the carbureter and the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, comprising an elbow-shaped casing, means for Aheating a narrow Zone thereof at the bend of the casing, circumferential grooves in said Zone for retaining unvaporizred fuel in Contact with the heated wall of the casing, substantially asset forth.

7. Bi vaporizer adapted to be inserted between the carbureter and the intake manifold of anI internal combustion engine coniprising a tubular member havingy an upwart lvr inclined portion, circumferential inclined fins in a narrow Zone on said portion, and means for heating said Zone, substantially as set forth.

8. il; fuel vaporizer comprising a tubular member providing a single large passage for the air stream passing through the va- ;oi-iL/er, series of thin;y wide annular-flanges aid tubular passage, and means forv heat 'ng said Zone only whereby liquid fuel heldl serving to insulate the air stream against the heat from said heating means, substantially as set forth.

9. ifa fuel vaporizer comprising a tubular nier-aber providing a sing-le large passage for the air stream passing through the vaporie'er, aser-ies of thin, wide annular flanges ranged in planes perpendicular to the air reain in a zone about the interior of said tubul r said' Zone',` substantially as set forth.

l0. il fuel vaporizer comprising a tu bul'ar ineinber provid-ing a relatively large passage for the air stream passing t'hrougl'r the vaporizer, a series of thin, wide annular flanges arranged iny planes perpendicular tol he air stream in a relatively narrow Zone about the inner periphery of said tubular member, external annular flanges in theV saine planewith the respective inner flanges, and means for heating saidY Zone, substantially as set forth. Y

ln witness whereof, l have hereunto set my handv and seal at indianapolis, lndiana, this 30th day ofl ctober, A. D., nineteen hundred and twenty.

ADOLPH L. NELSON. [1.. s]

Crinnged in zone about the interior of ietween said flanges is vaporized while alsoy member, and4 means for heating 

